Optimal steering law of refractive sail

The interaction between electromagnetic waves and matter is the working principle of a photon-propelled spacecraft, which extracts momentum from the solar radiation to obtain a propulsive acceleration. An example is offered by solar sails, which use a thin membrane to reflect the impinging photons. The solar radiation momentum may actually be transferred to matter by means of various optical phenomena, such as absorption, emission, or refraction. This paper deals with the novel concept of a refractive sail, through which the Sun’s light is refracted by crossing a film made of polymeric micro-prisms. The main feature of a refractive sail is to give a large transverse component of thrust even when the sail nominal plane is orthogonal to the Sun-spacecraft line. Starting from the recent literature results, this paper proposes a semi-analytical thrust model that estimates the characteristics of the propulsive acceleration vector as a function of the sail attitude angles. Such a mathematical model is then used to analyze a simplified Earth-Mars and Earth-Venus interplanetary transfer within an optimal framework.     

用微元法建立单刚体动力学的虚加速度原理和虚力原理

本文首先从刚体动力学方程出发,利用变积法推得其虚加速度原理和虚力原理,然后用微元法思想由质点系动力学的虚加速度原理、虚力原理推得刚体动力学的虚加速度原理与虚力原理,并对两种方法本身进行了比较。由于本文的推导方法是从连续介质力学的观点进行的,故这种方法对进一步建立单柔体、多柔体动力学的虚加速度原理和虚力原理具有重要应用价值,进而对现在热点之一的柔性飞行器动力学的研究有潜在的意义。     

The Radio Observatory on the Lunar Surface for Solar studies

The Radio Observatory on the Lunar Surface for Solar studies (ROLSS) is a concept for a near-side low radio frequency imaging interferometric array designed to study particle acceleration at the Sun and in the inner heliosphere. The prime science mission is to image the radio emission generated by Type II and III solar radio burst processes with the aim of determining the sites at and mechanisms by which the radiating particles are accelerated. Specific questions to be addressed include the following: (1) Isolating the sites of electron acceleration responsible for Type II and III solar radio bursts during coronal mass ejections (CMEs); and (2) Determining if and the mechanism(s) by which multiple, successive CMEs produce unusually efficient particle acceleration and intense radio emission. Secondary science goals include constraining the density of the lunar ionosphere by searching for a low radio frequency cutoff to solar radio emission and constraining the low energy electron population in astrophysical sources. Key design requirements on ROLSS include the operational frequency and angular resolution. The electron densities in the solar corona and inner heliosphere are such that the relevant emission occurs at frequencies below 10 MHz. Second, resolving the potential sites of particle acceleration requires an instrument with an angular resolution of at least 2°, equivalent to a linear array size of approximately 1000 m. Operations would consist of data acquisition during the lunar day, with regular data downlinks. No operations would occur during lunar night.     

持续载荷飞行模拟器过失速机动过载模拟

对新型的持续载荷飞行模拟器(SGFS,Sustained G-load Flight Simulator)模拟过失速机动过载的方法进行了研究.针对过失速机动中飞机角运动剧烈的特点,推导了考虑飞机转动带来的附加过载的飞机飞行员过载计算公式.在SGFS过载模拟数学模型中应用此公式,以典型的过失速机动动作.Herbst机动为例,对机动时的飞行员过载进行了仿真研究.仿真中SGFS能够较精确地跟踪输入的飞行员三轴过载指令,最大误差小于0.2g.研究结果表明:过失速机动时飞机转动引起的附加过载不可忽略,同时也表明SGFS可较好地用于对过失速机动飞行员过载的模拟.     

基于RCMAC网络的动态逆再入制导方法研究

针对升力式再入飞行器的制导问题,首先利用准平衡滑翔原理给出标准的阻力加速度．速度剖面,并对阻力加速度跟踪制导原理进行分析,然后利用自回归小脑模型神经网络（RCMAC）网络良好的非线性逼近能力、泛化能力和自学习能力,采用基于RCMAC网络的动态逆方法实现对阻力加速度的跟踪,并证明闭环系统的稳定性．三自由度仿真结果表明,该制导方式降低了动态逆方法对模型的依赖,增强了制导系统的鲁棒性．     

稳态加速度模拟试验设备：离心机设计（17）

文章分3篇10章详细介绍了稳态加速度模拟试验设备——离心机的设计。上篇对稳态加速度环境及其效应、试验方法和相关标准作了阐述;中篇（上）系统介绍国内外该类离心机发展的基本历程、概貌及典型离心机结构细节,并对其适当予以小结与点评;中篇（下）对离心机运动学进行基本理论分析,研究总体设计和部件设计问题,提出离心机设计原则及相应计算方法;下篇通过一个国家＂七五＂科技攻关项目的研制报告作为实例,提供读者进行具体设计时参考。文中,作者对多年累积的技术资料与实践心得进行了系统整理与归纳,力求梳理出一条研制稳态加速度模拟用离心机的设计思路与实用程序,使其兼具资料性、技术性与实用性。该文对相关领域的研究者和技术人员将有一定启发与助益,对其他类同设备设计也有某些触类旁通作用,对该专业有兴趣的读者也可作为参考读物。文章主要探讨的对象是中型、大型、特大型航空航天离心机,土工离心机和载人离心机。在第8章中介绍了离心机主要部件的设计。     

一种加速度干扰下的稳定被动定位跟踪算法

在研究一种具有误差自动解耦的观测域滤波的目标跟踪算法和自适应渐消EKF算法的基础上,提出一种匀速运动模型下,基于观测域的自适应目标跟踪算法。使用实测GPS导航数据进行数字仿真,结果表明：观测域的自适应目标跟踪算法在加速度扰动下,稳定性优于观测域滤波算法。     

高速弹载平台相参积累研究

针对高速弹载平台加速度大相参积累效果变差需进行加速度补偿的问题，研究了信号波长和积累时间与加速度之间的关系，推导了利用多普勒谱宽计算加速度的公式，提出短时间积累使用弹载惯导设备输出加速度值进行补偿、长时间积累使用惯导数据与多普勒谱宽测量加速度相结合的加速度补偿方法。仿真验证了该方法的有效性。     

A320飞机二发加速慢的现象分析

根据一次二发加速慢的排故实例,结合发动机加速程序,总结了二发加速慢的原因、对安全的影响和常用的排故措施,以提高排故效率,可为其他机型同类故障的处理提供借鉴。     

飞行模拟器动力学控制的研究

针对如何获取运动平台的实时加速度和在精确跟踪加速度的同时限制位移,建立了系统动力学模型以计算加速度,使用虚拟弹簧法限制位移。在Matlab环境下,搭建了整个伺服控制系统。仿真结果表明,控制系统在保证平台位移不脱离限制区域的基础上,实现了加速度的精确跟踪。